The PAIEC is a recently developed version of the PACIC specifically designed for older populations (Uittenbroek et al. 2015). Similar to the PACIC, it has good coverage of a high number of important domains, including patient activation; delivery system design and decision support; goal setting and tailoring; problem-solving and contextual counselling; follow-up and coordination. However, it does not tap carer involvement, single point of contact/case manager and consistency of contact. Initial publication reveals it to be a and valid measurement instrument that evaluates quality of integrated care and support from the perspective of elderly people (Uittenbroek et al. 2015).
PCCC or QoL?
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This compendium contains patient-reported measures that are either designed to specifically measure aspects of Person Centred Co-Ordinated Care (P3C), or alternatively tools that are designed to measure some aspect of Quality of Life (QoL) or Health Related Quality of Life (hrQoL). All the measures in this compendium have been broadly categorised into one of those two concepts.
Person Centred Coordinated Care
Main Domains Measured
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This is the key domains that the measure is targeting.
Patient Activation, Delivery System Design/
Decision Support, Goal Setting/Tailoring,
Problem-Solving/Contextual and Follow-Up/
Coordination
Type of measure
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The measures in this compendium can take a variety of forms. Generally, they will be either Patient Reported Outcome Measure (PROM) or Patient Reported Experience Measure (PREM). However, we have also included a few measures that are completed by proxy-individual (PROXY), which are useful in instances where the respondent cannot answer directly (e.g. dementia or end of life). Sometimes, these measures can even be a composite of these types, and target both experiences and outcomes – we have labelled these measures “PROEMs”.
PREM
Respondent
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The person that fills in the questionnaire - e.g. patient, Health Care Professional, or proxy (normally a carer or family member)
The measures can be either generic or disease specific (e.g. Diabetes, Heart Failure)
Elderly Care
Main context tested in
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The main context in which the measure has been developed and used (E.g. Hopital, General Practice etc).
Community Living
Main countries used in
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The main countries in which the measure has been developed and used.
The Netherlands
Target age
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e.g. Adults, Children, Elderly
Older people
Main uses of measure
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The context in which the measure is most often used – e.g. clinical trials; national surveys.
Designed to evaluate the quality of integrated care, from the perspective of elderly adults.
Used in UK?
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Whether the instrument has been tested and validated within a UK healthcare context.
No
Language
Dutch
Domains
Domain description
Patient Activation, Delivery System Design/
Decision Support, Goal Setting/Tailoring,
Problem-Solving/Contextual and Follow-Up/
Coordination
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
9
14
8
3
1
5
3
3
4
20
1
1
Goal setting
Empowerment/activation
Self-management
Care plan
Care coordination within teams
Generic care planning
Continuity of care
Shared decision making
Behaviour and communication skills
Information sharing
Knowledge of patient
Medication
Psychometrics
Brief description
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A brief description of the initially reported psychometric properties of the measure.
The PAIEC and its subscales showed good internal consistency (ordinal alphas > 0.90). Known groups
validity was supported regarding number of medications,
prevalence of chronic conditions and home care received. No differences
were found between groups based on sociodemographic aspects.
Divergent validity was supported by low correlations (Spearmans
rank correlation coefficients < 0.30) between PAIEC scales and
measures of quality of life, complexity of care needs and frailty.